Total environmentally motivated direct subsidies, 2000–2022
SEK million
| 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 5 413 | 6 906 | 7 022 | 5 943 | 6 337 | 6 627 | 7 160 | 6 609 | 6 478 | 7 701 | 7 605 | 7 741 | 6 661 | 6 011 | 5 791 | 6 867 | 9 028 | 10 283 | 13 528 | 12 247 | 13 730 | 19 186 | 24 301 |
| Resource-related subsidies: | 3 216 | 4 214 | 4 156 | 3 642 | 3 704 | 4 161 | 4 164 | 3 263 | 3 088 | 3 051 | 3 728 | 3 709 | 3 223 | 3 259 | 3 070 | 3 973 | 4 790 | 4 941 | 5 724 | 5 561 | 5 770 | 6 526 | 6 847 |
| Support for landscape and biodiversity [1] | 355.3 | 439.4 | 757.7 | 565.3 | 956.4 | 1 300.6 | 1 505.0 | 423.8 | 500.8 | 495.5 | 561.7 | 517.1 | 347.4 | 340.9 | 460.3 | 710.5 | 600.8 | 688.8 | 829.0 | 894.6 | 862.2 | 1 296.3 | 1 589.0 |
| Environmental research | 138.0 | 195.1 | 96.5 | 94.9 | 96.7 | 148.5 | 152.1 | 421.4 | 120.7 | 151.6 | 158.8 | 171.1 | 173.9 | 186.5 | 195.7 | 208.8 | 358.6 | 396.7 | 428.2 | 409.7 | 415.2 | 481.0 | 484.4 |
| Return of taxes on fertilizer and pesticides | 0.0 | 0.0 | 61.1 | 235.5 | 250.8 | 265.6 | 64.4 | 167.8 | 190.1 | 183.6 | 154.1 | 132.6 | 2.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Support for the environment in the sea | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 34.5 | 106.0 | 167.3 | 147.2 | 133.5 | 155.9 | 129.4 | 142.5 | 139.1 | 120.5 | 35.7 | 115.9 | 105.5 | 98.6 | 85.4 |
| Support for sustainable cities | 632.1 | 1 133.9 | 650.1 | 479.1 | 213.1 | 24.1 | 15.4 | 6.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 94.5 | 128.7 | 7.2 | 3.0 | 0.7 | 2.1 | 4.2 | 2.1 | 162.7 | 45.5 | 14.3 | 169.6 | 155.1 |
| Chemicals | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 2.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 5.6 | 10.1 | 16.6 | 16.2 | 13.4 | 13.3 | 13.2 |
| Support for environmental marking | 3.9 | 3.8 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 3.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 |
| Subsidy to preserve the fish [2] | 2.2 | 3.3 | 3.8 | 8.8 | 4.2 | 7.8 | 6.8 | 18.4 | 18.2 | 20.7 | 18.0 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Measures for improving the environment in the agricultural sector[3] | 2 068.0 | 2 417.0 | 2 569.1 | 2 234.1 | 2 152.9 | 2 369.9 | 2 381.1 | 2 168.9 | 2 163.9 | 2 038.0 | 2 517.7 | 2 560.4 | 2 512.1 | 2 524.6 | 2 244.5 | 2 877.3 | 3 651.3 | 3 697.2 | 4 125.4 | 3 944.0 | 4 217.1 | 4 245.0 | 4 292.7 |
| Other | 16.9 | 21.2 | 13.6 | 19.5 | 25.4 | 39.7 | 35.3 | 46.4 | 53.2 | 48.8 | 48.2 | 41.9 | 40.5 | 43.6 | 34.7 | 24.8 | 26.2 | 21.5 | 121.9 | 131.0 | 138.4 | 217.3 | 222.8 |
| Energy-related subsidies: | 1 022 | 1 239 | 1 526 | 1 039 | 973 | 632 | 593 | 1 292 | 1 255 | 2 077 | 1 465 | 1 654 | 1 272 | 1 213 | 1 127 | 830 | 1 245 | 1 580 | 1 708 | 971 | 1 750 | 1 688 | 2 347 |
| Energy research | 303.6 | 263.0 | 292.5 | 247.5 | 163.4 | 166.0 | 292.3 | 329.6 | 384.6 | 688.2 | 624.6 | 772.4 | 661.8 | 570.0 | 594.2 | 538.6 | 665.8 | 739.8 | 736.7 | 761.4 | 762.8 | 690.2 | 712.5 |
| Support for more efficient use of energy and energy technology | 366.3 | 481.4 | 782.4 | 620.5 | 602.0 | 402.7 | 241.3 | 871.0 | 724.5 | 1 060.6 | 525.3 | 626.8 | 423.1 | 362.4 | 380.2 | 117.7 | 146.2 | 200.1 | 279.5 | 158.5 | 156.5 | 176.2 | 1 215.7 |
| Support related to nuclear safety [4] | 6.3 | 33.7 | 40.2 | 11.6 | 12.5 | 11.7 | 11.9 | 39.1 | 61.5 | 69.5 | 75.2 | 59.0 | 65.4 | 63.6 | 48.3 | 31.8 | 62.1 | 33.9 | 15.3 | 12.9 | 11.9 | 8.1 | 9.0 |
| Small-scale electricity support | 172.7 | 239.5 | 243.5 | 105.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Renewable energy | 173.4 | 221.8 | 167.3 | 54.3 | 195.6 | 51.6 | 47.9 | 52.4 | 84.5 | 258.6 | 239.8 | 195.5 | 121.2 | 217.0 | 104.6 | 141.9 | 370.6 | 606.1 | 676.2 | 37.8 | 819.1 | 813.0 | 409.5 |
| Emission-reducing subsidies | 18 | 18 | 22 | 43 | 250 | 123 | 470 | 541 | 670 | 834 | 462 | 92 | 81 | 149 | 216 | 610 | 1 202 | 1 521 | 3 284 | 2 701 | 3 489 | 8 185 | 12 458 |
| Different supports in the climate area | 11.7 | 18.1 | 21.8 | 43.2 | 249.9 | 122.9 | 470.4 | 197.4 | 318.6 | 409.2 | 324.1 | 73.6 | 54.4 | 86.8 | 98.4 | 252.4 | 573.2 | 666.7 | 2 308.3 | 750.5 | 1 285.5 | 2 395.9 | 4 045.4 |
| Bonus for low emission vehicles [5] | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 40.8 | 321.9 | 348.8 | 41.0 | 0.0 | 20.0 | 62.2 | 117.1 | 347.0 | 348.0 | 450.8 | 322.4 | 1 280.3 | 2 077.7 | 4 809.6 | 6 904.6 |
| Transport related research | 6.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 5.2 | 29.6 | 75.5 | 97.0 | 18.4 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Congestion tax in Gothenburg and Stockholm | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 297.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 10.7 | 281.2 | 403.7 | 653.4 | 669.8 | 125.9 | 979.9 | 1 507.5 |
| Environmentally related aid and international cooperation | 1 157 | 1 435 | 1 318 | 1 219 | 1 410 | 1 712 | 1 932 | 1 514 | 1 464 | 1 739 | 1 950 | 2 286 | 2 086 | 1 390 | 1 378 | 1 454 | 1 791 | 2 241 | 2 812 | 3 015 | 2 720 | 2 787 | 2 650 |
| Environmental aid [6] | 1 084.8 | 1 394.5 | 1 262.1 | 1 159.1 | 1 345.0 | 1 644.9 | 1 865.9 | 1 477.9 | 1 431.4 | 1 702.2 | 1 914.1 | 2 219.7 | 2 016.1 | 1 323.5 | 1 323.2 | 1 341.3 | 1 485.0 | 1 940.4 | 2 514.4 | 2 747.3 | 2 484.4 | 2 606.2 | 2 431.3 |
| International cooperation | 71.8 | 40.1 | 55.5 | 59.8 | 64.8 | 66.9 | 65.8 | 35.9 | 33.1 | 37.0 | 36.2 | 66.4 | 69.7 | 66.2 | 54.9 | 112.4 | 305.6 | 300.1 | 297.7 | 267.4 | 235.3 | 180.8 | 218.9 |
| Receiver | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Enterprises | 2 749.1 | 3 399.6 | 3 509.1 | 3 005.7 | 2 925.5 | 2 997.4 | 2 750.4 | 3 058.3 | 2 855.4 | 3 266.5 | 3 531.7 | 3 832.0 | 3 360.1 | 3 378.1 | 3 158.7 | 3 830.5 | 5 070.9 | 5 336.3 | 6 961.6 | 5 334.6 | 6 344.3 | 7 355.5 | 9 605.1 |
| Public sector | 981.4 | 1 620.4 | 1 536.2 | 1 115.9 | 1 331.9 | 1 475.7 | 2 016.4 | 1 313.2 | 1 133.0 | 1 241.0 | 1 026.1 | 976.0 | 678.7 | 709.5 | 601.0 | 582.3 | 1 248.8 | 1 457.3 | 1 979.3 | 1 802.7 | 1 210.3 | 2 934.8 | 4 131.9 |
| Households and non profit institutions | 500.9 | 465.1 | 715.9 | 719.3 | 732.7 | 724.1 | 813.3 | 939.7 | 1 171.2 | 1 331.1 | 1 043.5 | 792.0 | 681.4 | 616.4 | 765.2 | 1 052.7 | 1 233.7 | 1 637.8 | 2 186.5 | 2 452.4 | 3 831.4 | 6 529.9 | 8 375.8 |
| Rest of the world | 1 182 | 1 421 | 1 261 | 1 102 | 1 347 | 1 430 | 1 580 | 1 298 | 1 318 | 1 862 | 2 004 | 2 141 | 1 941 | 1 307 | 1 266 | 1 401 | 1 474 | 1 852 | 2 400 | 2 657 | 2 344 | 2 365 | 2 189 |
| Percent of BNP in Sweden[7] | 0.22% | 0.28% | 0.27% | 0.22% | 0.22% | 0.23% | 0.23% | 0.20% | 0.19% | 0.23% | 0.21% | 0.21% | 0.18% | 0.16% | 0.15% | 0.16% | 0.20% | 0.22% | 0.28% | 0.24% | 0.27% | 0.35% | 0.41% |
1) The appropriations included in this group has changed name over the years. Included are Protection of valuable nature and Support for valuable nature.
2) The appropriation behind this group has ended 2013 and is now included in "Support for the environment in the sea".
3) Mainly environmental supports in agriculture, such as conservation of biodiversity in the farmed landscape and environmentally friendly agriculture. Only refer to the environmental supports in the Rural Development Programme but there are also other support in the programme with an environmental motive. Included from 2015 is the greening support. In May 2023 there were revisions for the years 2015-2017 due to a detected error in the calculations of enviromentally motivated subsidies.
4) This post includes both national and international subsidies for nuclear safety.
5) The "green car" subsidy ended in 2010 and has been replaced by a so called "reward for super green cars" subsidy from 2012. In 2018 it was replaced by a bonus for low emission vehicles.
6) Included is what is paid out from SIDA (the share themselves say is primarily environmentally motivated) and from the budget line called Biståndsverksamhet/aid activities. It also includes subsidies related to the environment that is partially environmental based on a share of other development activities.
7) GDP at market price, current prices. 2022 preliminary GDP.
Comments
In several cases smaller or similar budget lines have been grouped together in order to make the result/table easier to analyse.
Definitions and explanations
An environmentally motivated subsidy is determined by the motivation of the subsidy/the appropriation that gave rise to the subsidy. Does not include all subsidies from EU. Includes payments from Government (classifiesdas given support) to producers, individuals, organisations, non-profit-making associations, municipalities and county councils as well as to EU countries and international activities. This definition is broader than the one used in the national accounts.
The definition of a subsidy used by Statistics Sweden's environmental accountants is based on the transfer in the Result of the government budget called (free translation) "Given support". Only if such a transfer is given from a budget that has been classified as environmentally motivated, it will be included in the table above as environmentally motivated subsidies. There can also be many other payments, such as for example salaries and rent, from a n apropriation classified as environmentally motivated and those payments will not be included above.
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